Christ Died for Our Sins According to the Scriptures* (John 19:16–42)

(43-56a)

* 1 Corinthians 15:3


For this week’s study:

NOTE: The Translation for Translators provided below presents the record of Jesus’ death from a first person perspective. This unique, dynamic translation helps us realize that we are reading about these events from someone who was there – an eye witness. After all, the Apostle John, who wrote the Gospel of John, saw these events himself and shared them with us because of their significant impact on his life.

  1. Read John 19:16–42 from both the BSB and T4T translations provided below.
  2. Optional: For a chronological, harmonization of the crucifixion of Jesus from all four Gospels into one narrative (in four stages), see the Four-Fold Gospel:
  3. Complete “Study the Passage” section below.

Read the Passage

Berean Standard Bible
(BSB)

The Crucifixion

(Psalms 22:1–31; Matthew 27:32–44;
Mark 15:21–32; Luke 23:26–43)

<16>Then Pilate handed Jesus over to be crucified, and the soldiers took Him away. <17>Carrying His own cross, He went out to The Place of the Skull, which in Hebrew is called Golgotha.

<18>There they crucified Him, and with Him two others, one on each side, with Jesus in the middle.

<19>Pilate also had a notice posted on the cross. It read:

JESUS OF NAZARETH,

THE KING OF THE JEWS.

<20>Many of the Jews read this sign, because the place where Jesus was crucified was near the city, and it was written in Hebrew, Latin, and Greek. <21>So the chief priests of the Jews said to Pilate, “Do not write, ‘The King of the Jews,’ but only that He said, ‘I am the King of the Jews.’ ”

<22>Pilate answered, “What I have written, I have written.”

<23>When the soldiers had crucified Jesus, they divided His garments into four parts, one for each soldier, with the tunic remaining. It was seamless, woven in one piece from top to bottom. <24>So they said to one another, “Let us not tear it. Instead, let us cast lots to see who will get it.” This was to fulfill the Scripture:

“They divided My garments among them,

and cast lots for My clothing.”1

So that is what the soldiers did.

<25>Near the cross of Jesus stood His mother and her sister, as well as Mary the wife of Clopas and Mary Magdalene. <26>When Jesus saw His mother and the disciple whom He loved standing nearby, He said to His mother, “Woman, here is your son.” <27>Then He said to the disciple, “Here is your mother.” So from that hour, this disciple took her into his home.

The Death of Jesus

(Psalms 22:1–31; Matthew 27:45–56;
Mark 15:33–41; Luke 23:44–49)

<28>After this, knowing that everything had now been accomplished, and to fulfill the Scripture, Jesus said, “I am thirsty.”2 <29>A jar of sour wine 3 was sitting there. So they soaked a sponge in the wine, put it on a stalk of hyssop, and lifted it to His mouth.4 <30>When Jesus had received the sour wine, He said, “It is finished.” And bowing His head, He yielded up His spirit.

Jesus’ Side Is Pierced

(Zechariah 12:10–14)

<31>It was the day of Preparation, and the next day was a High Sabbath. In order that the bodies would not remain on the cross during the Sabbath, the Jews asked Pilate to have the legs broken and the bodies removed. <32>So the soldiers came and broke the legs of the first man who had been crucified with Jesus, and those of the other.

<33>But when they came to Jesus and saw that He was already dead, they did not break His legs. <34>Instead, one of the soldiers pierced His side with a spear, and immediately blood and water flowed out. <35>The one who saw it has testified to this, and his testimony is true. He knows that he is telling the truth, so that you also may believe.

<36>Now these things happened so that the Scripture would be fulfilled: “Not one of His bones will be broken.”5 <37>And, as another Scripture says: “They will look on the One they have pierced.”6

The Burial of Jesus

(Isaiah 53:9–12; Matthew 27:57–61;
Mark 15:42–47; Luke 23:50–56)

<38>Afterward, Joseph of Arimathea, who was a disciple of Jesus (but secretly for fear of the Jews), asked Pilate to let him remove the body of Jesus. Pilate gave him permission, so he came and removed His body. <39>Nicodemus, who had previously come to Jesus at night, also brought a mixture of myrrh and aloes, about seventy-five pounds.7 <40>So they took the body of Jesus and wrapped it in linen cloths with the spices, according to the Jewish burial custom.

<41>Now there was a garden in the place where Jesus was crucified, and in the garden a new tomb in which no one had yet been laid. <42>And because it was the Jewish day of Preparation and the tomb was nearby, they placed Jesus there.

Translation for Translators
(
T4T)

16 Then at last Pilate agreed to do what they wanted, and he told the soldiers to crucify Jesus.

Then the soldiers took Jesus away. 17 As they left, he himself was carrying the cross on which they were going to nail him. They went to a place called The Place of a Skull. In the Aramaic language it is called Golgotha. 18 There, after removing most of his clothes, the soldiers nailed him to the cross. They also nailed two other criminals to crosses. There was one on each side, and Jesus was in the middle.

19 Pilate also had them write on a board a notice that stated why they were executing him, and fasten it to the cross. But all they wrote was ‘Jesus from Nazareth, the King of the Jews’. 20 Many Jews were able to read this sign, because the place where Jesus was nailed to the cross was very close to Jerusalem, where many people had come for the celebration, and because it was written in three languages: Hebrew, Latin, and Greek. 21 So the Jewish priests went back to Pilate and protested, saying to him, “Change what they have written from ‘The King of the Jews’ to ‘This man said that he is the King of the Jews’!” 22 Pilate replied, “What I told them to write is what they have written, and I will not change it.”

23 After the soldiers nailed Jesus to the cross, they took his clothes and divided them into four parts, one part for each soldier. But they kept his cloak separate. This cloak was without seam, woven from top to bottom, one piece of cloth. 24 So they said to each other, “Let’s not tear it. Instead, let’s decide by throwing lots who will get it.” So that is what the soldiers did. As a result, these words were fulfilled that the Psalmist had written in Scripture,

They divided most of my clothes among themselves.

They cast lots for one piece of my clothing.

25 Near the cross where they had nailed Jesus stood his mother, his mother’s sister, Mary the wife of Clopas, and another Mary, the woman from Magdala village. 26 Jesus saw his mother standing there. He also saw me standing nearby. Then he said to his mother, “This man will now be like your son.” 27 And he said to me, “Treat this woman as your mother.” So from that time I took her to my home and took care of her.

28 Later, Jesus knew that everything that God sent him to do had now been completed, but he knew that something else that was written in the Scriptures had to be fulfilled. So he said, “I am thirsty!” 29 There was a jar of sour wine there. So someone took a stalk of a plant called hyssop and fastened a sponge to it. Then he dipped the sponge into the wine and lifted it up to Jesus’ lips. 30 When Jesus tasted the sour wine, he shouted, “I have finished all that I came to do!” Then he bowed his head and handed over his spirit to God.

31 That was the day that they prepared everything for their day of rest. The next day was a special day of rest, because it was the day of rest during the Passover celebration. The Jewish leaders did not want the bodies of the three men to remain on the cross during their day of rest because leaving bodies hanging overnight would be contrary to their Jewish laws. So they went to Pilate and asked him to command that the legs of the three men on the crosses be broken, so that they would die quickly. Then their bodies could be taken down and buried. 32 So, after Pilate agreed, the soldiers went and broke the legs of the first man whom they had nailed on a cross near Jesus. Then they broke the legs of the second man. 33 But when they came to Jesus, they saw that he was dead already. So they did not break his legs. 34 Instead, one of the soldiers pierced Jesus’ side with a spear to make sure that Jesus was dead. Immediately blood clots and other liquid flowed out, which showed that Jesus was really dead. 35 I, John, saw this myself, and what I am writing is true. I know that I am telling the truth, and I am saying this in order that you may believe in Jesus. 36 These things happened in order that these words would be fulfilled that are written in Scripture: “Not one of his bones will be broken.”

37 And they fulfilled another Scripture passage that has these words: ‘They will look on the one whom they have pierced’.

38 Later, Joseph, from Arimathea town, went to Pilate and asked Pilate to allow him to take Jesus’ body down from the cross. Joseph was a disciple of Jesus, but he did not tell anyone that, because he was afraid of the other Jewish leaders. Pilate permitted him to take Jesus’ body, so he went, along with others, and they took Jesus’ body down from the cross. 39 Nicodemus was one of them. He was the man who previously went to visit Jesus at night. Nicodemus bought an expensive mixture of myrrh and aloe spices to put on the body. It weighed about 75 pounds. 40 They took the body of Jesus and wrapped strips of linen cloth around it, putting the spices in with the strips of cloth. They did this according to the Jewish customs about burying bodies in tombs. 41 Close to the place where Jesus was crucified there was a grove of trees, and at the edge of that grove was a new burial cave. Nobody had ever been put in that cave previously. 42 The Jewish day of rest would start at sunset, and they had to finish burying his body before then. So, since that cave was nearby, they laid Jesus’ body there and rolled a huge stone in front of the entrance.


Study the Passage

NOTE: The most important part of your study is the Bible passage from the Bible (provided above). The second most important part of your study are the “Study Guide” comments and questions below. The links described under “Study Resources” below are offered to help you understand the Bible passage and complete the “Study Guide”.

Study Guide

What’s the significance of this passage mentioning Old Testament prophecies were fulfilled through the crucifixion of Jesus?

By the time of Jesus’ crucifixion, Joseph of Arimathea and Nicodemus, both members of the Sanhedrin (the ruling council of Jewish leaders), were secret disciples of Jesus.

Why do you think they kept their faith in Jesus private?

Why do you think they were willing to make their faith public by caring for Jesus’ body after He died?

What did Jesus mean when He declared “It is finished”?

What would be a an appropriate way we can honor Jesus’ death?

Study Resources

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Footnotes:

  1. 19:24 Psalms 22:18 ↩︎
  2. 19:28 See Psalms 22:15. ↩︎
  3. 19:29 Or A jar of wine vinegar; similarly in verse 30 ↩︎
  4. 19:29 See Psalms 69:21. ↩︎
  5. 19:36 Psalms 34:20; see also Exodus 12:46 and Numbers 9:12. ↩︎
  6. 19:37 Zechariah 12:10 ↩︎
  7. 19:39 Greek about a hundred litras; that is, approximately 34 kilograms ↩︎